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Abstract
Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is one of the main causes of cancer-related death. Almost 64% of patients are affecting with CRC in the next 20 years in India and China. Nearly 60,800 deaths happening worldwide with CRC. Gender wise epidemiological data of CRC reveals that 1 in 23 males and 1 in 25 females are affecting, making it the third most common cancer, with. CRC accounts for 8% of all cancer-related deaths, making it the second most common cause of death due to cancer. In order to achieve improved survival rates, chemotherapy in conjunction with surgery is the cornerstone of treatment for colorectal cancer. The patients at the early stage of CRC (stage-1 and 2), survival rate for 5 years’ time is recorded above 60%. Although 5 years survival rate for patients at the early stage of CRC (stage-1 and 2) is above 60%. More than 50% of patients are diagnosed at or beyond stage-3, when distant metastasis has already occurred. In which case, 5 years survival rate drops to 10%. Chemotherapy for colorectal cancer patients has seen significant change in the last several years. Recent clinical trials data suggests that chemotherapy may increase a patient`s chances of survival for some individuals who have had colorectal cancer surgically unconcerned. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is used as a first line of drug in systemic chemotherapy in both adjuvant and palliative therapy. The combination of 5-FU/Leucovorin & oxaliplatin and 5-FU/leucovorin and irinotecan is used as an effective combination therapy for the treatment of metastatic CRC. However, the 5-FU may show drug resistance in some cases after surgery. The 5-FU is more effective when they give in combination with drugs like Oxaliplatin, Irinotecan… The treatment for chemoresistance in CRC is briefly discussed.