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Abstract
The goal of this study is to assess the antiurolithiatic potential of a whole plant hydro-alcoholic (30:70) extract of Pisonia alba root, which has been claimed in ancient literature and is also one of the constituents in cystone, a marketed urolithiasis treatment. 0.75 percent v/v ethylene glycol was given orally for 14 days to produce urolithiasis. From the 15th to the 28th day, and from the 1st to the 28th day, respectively, the therapeutic dose of 400 mg/kg b.w. and preventive doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg b.w. were given. The reference standard for both curative and preventative doses was cystone 750 mg/kg b.w. On the 28th day, urine from the previous 24 hours was collected and tested for calcium, oxalate, and phosphates. The content of renal oxalate was determined using serum biochemistry and kidney homogenate analysis. The levels of urine calcium, oxalate, and phosphate in the sick Group II were significantly higher (P 0.001 vs. normal Group I). The levels of serum creatinine, urea, and uric acid were also elevated. Significant alterations were discovered in histopathological investigations of kidney sections. The dose-dependent action of the hydro-alcoholic extract of P.alba was substantial (P 0.01 vs. calculi-induced Group II). There was a gradual increase in urine output, body weight, and a decrease in stone-forming component concentrations such as calcium, oxalates, and phosphates. P.alba root appears to be beneficial in the treatment of ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis and may have the capacity to prevent and cure urolithiasis.