International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Research (IJPCR)
https://ijpcr.net/ijpcr
<p><strong><em>International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Research (IJPCR) </em></strong>is a peer-reviewed, quarterly official international journal allowing access to abstracts<strong> </strong>and<strong> </strong>full-text. The journal is devoted to the promotion of pharmaceutical sciences and related disciplines (Pharmacology, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry & Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical & Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics & Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics including biotechnology, cell & molecular biology, Pharmaceutical biotechnology/microbiology, medical and other life sciences).</p> <p><strong>ISSN</strong> - <strong><em>International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Research (IJPCR)</em></strong></p> <p><strong>Online</strong>:<strong> </strong>2521-2206</p> <p><strong><em>International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Research </em></strong>seeks to foster multidisciplinary research and collaboration among scientists, pharmaceutical industries and healthcare sector as well as provide an international forum for the communication and evaluation of data, methods and opinions in pharmaceutical sciences and related disciplines. Although primarily devoted to original research papers, the journal particularly welcomes reviews on current topics of special interest and relevance. All manuscripts will be subjected to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not already under consideration for publication) will be published.</p>Dr.N.Sriramen-USInternational Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Research (IJPCR)2521-2206Exploring The Antimicrobial Activity Of Kabasura Kudineer Chooranam And Nilavembu Kudineer Chooranam
https://ijpcr.net/ijpcr/article/view/561
<p>The present study examines the efficacy of Kabasura kudineer chooranam and Nilavembu kudineer chooranam, a siddha formulation. Kabasura kudineer is a well-known Siddha medicine comprising a total of 15 herbal ingredients. This powdered chooranam is primarily intended for enhancing respiratory health, strengthening the lungs, and addressing conditions such as fever, cold, and cough. Nilavembu Kudineer chooranam is an renowned for enhancing immunity levels. Crafted from a blend of 9 distinct herbs, this formulation serves as an effective defense against fever, exerting anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-viral properties. The primary component, Nilavembu, known as Kalmegh in Sanskrit, possesses remarkable capabilities in treating liver disorders, viral fevers, jaundice, dengue, chikungunya, and respiratory issues. Nilavembu Kudineer exhibits antimicrobial, analgesic (pain-relieving), antipyretic (fever-reducing), and antiviral properties, making it effective in addressing viral and malaria infections.</p>M.ArunaR.ManivannanM.AkilaP.P.DineshA.JayabalajiS.KavinishaS.Naveen
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2024-01-232024-01-2381113A Review On Biopharmaceutics Classification System-Based Biowaivers
https://ijpcr.net/ijpcr/article/view/563
<p>This review discusses the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) and its role in biowaivers for generic drug development. The BCS classifies drugs into four categories based on their solubility and permeability characteristics. The BCS classification system aids in determining regulatory requirements for generic drug development and guides formulation strategies to enhance drug solubility, permeability, and oral bioavailability. It primarily applies to immediate-release, orally administered dosage forms. Excipient effects on absorption are also considered, and specific criteria must be met for a drug product to qualify for a BCS-based biowaiver.</p>Naga Jyotsna BandiB. Sai RuthvikG. SubbaRamprasadG.Tuljarani
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2024-01-282024-01-28812327Development, characterization of solid dispersion of irinotecan by solvent evaporation method
https://ijpcr.net/ijpcr/article/view/565
<p>The present study was carried out on Irinotecan by employing solid dispersion technique. The λ<sub>max </sub>of phosphate buffer pH 6.8 of Irinotecan were found to be at 247nm. The pure drug the optimised Solid dispersion formulations were subjected to FTIR studies. The results were showed that there is no interaction between the drug and excipients. The micrometric properties of blend of Irinotecan soild dispersion were characterized with respect to Angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s index and Hausner’s ratio<strong>. </strong>Angle of repose was less than 28<sup>0</sup>, Carr’s index values were 10 to 17 for the pre compression blend of all the batches indicating good to fair flowability and compressibility. Hausner’s ratio was less than 1.2 for all the batches indicating good flow properties. All the tablets of different batches complied with the official requirement of weight variation as their weight variation passes the limits. The hardness of the tablets ranged from 2 to 3 kg/cm<sup>2</sup> and the friability values were less than 1% indicating that the tablets were compact and hard. The thickness of the tablets ranged between 3.1 to 3.8 mm. All the formulations satisfied the content of the drug as they contained 96-100% of Irinotecan and good uniformity in drug content was observed. Thus all the physical attributes of the prepared tablets were found to be practically within control limits. The dissolution profile of Irinotecan tablets were compared between solid dispersion tablets. The Irinotecan solid dispersion tablets showed better release in phosphate buffer pH 6.8, in that F2 showed good drug release i.e., 99.89 at 15 minutes. F2 formulation was taken as optimised formulation</p>Paramkoosham Sai LakshmiD.Venkata RamanaK. Sai KiranJ. Pravalika
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2024-02-072024-02-07812835Analytical Method Development And Validation For Estimation Of Reserpine And Dihydralazine In Bulk And Tablet Dosage Form By Hplc
https://ijpcr.net/ijpcr/article/view/566
<p>A Rapid and Precise Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic method has been developed for the validated of Reserpine and Dihydralazine, in its pure form as well as in tablet dosage form. Chromatography was carried out on X-Terra C18 (4.6 x 150mm, 5µm) column using a mixture of Methanol: TEA Buffer pH 4.5: Acetonitrile (65:15:20) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0ml/min, the detection was carried out at 212 nm. The retention time of the Reserpine and Dihydralazine was 2.090, 5.289 ±0.02min respectively. The method produce linear responses in the concentration range of 5-25mg/ml of Reserpine and 45-225mg/ml of Dihydralazine. The method precision for the determination of assay was below 2.0%RSD. The method is useful in the quality control of bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. </p>Podila SamyukthaD. Venkata RamanaK. Sai KiranUdaya Bhanu Sri Koppu
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2024-02-072024-02-07813645Validated high performance liquid chromatography method for estimation of ofloxacin and satranidazole in bulk and tablet dosage form
https://ijpcr.net/ijpcr/article/view/567
<p>A rapid and precise Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic method has been developed for the validated of Satranidazole and Ofloxacin, in its pure form as well as in tablet dosage form. Chromatography was carried out on a Hypersil C18 (4.6 x 150mm, 5µm) column using a mixture of Methanol: Water (80:20v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0ml/min, the detection was carried out at 310 nm. The retention time of the Satranidazole and Ofloxacin was 3.0, 4.0 ±0.02min respectively. The method produce linear responses in the concentration range of 20-100µg/ml of Satranidazole and 15-75µg/ml of Ofloxacin. The method precision for the determination of assay was below 2.0%RSD. The method is useful in the quality control of bulk and pharmaceutical formulations.</p>Nyathari Pradeep KumarD.Venkata RamanaK.Sai KiranUdaya Bhanu Sri Koppu
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2024-02-272024-02-27814654Antidiabetic activity and phytochemical screening of extracts of the leaves of colocasia esculenta on alloxan-induced diabetic mice
https://ijpcr.net/ijpcr/article/view/568
<p>The acute toxicity study of <em>Colocasia esculenta </em>leaves extract did not show mortality in the animals at the limit dose during the observation period. The result of α–amylase enzyme inhibition activity was found in a dose-dependent manner, the strongest activity was shown by Crude extract fraction (89.60 % inhibition at 1000 μg/mL) compared to the standard acarbose having 97.19% inhibition at 1000 μg/mL. The crude extract of <em>Colocasia esculenta </em>showed significant blood glucose-lowering effect on hypoglycemic mice and oral glucose loaded mice. In Alloxan-induced diabetic mice model, the crude extract fraction significantly decreased the fasting blood glucose level after 14 days of treatment. The result demonstrated the beneficial biochemical effects of <em>Colocasia esculenta </em>extract by inhibiting α–amylase improving serum lipid profile levels. The leaves crude extract are effective in lowering blood glucose levels in diabetic and hypoglycemic mice. The claimed traditional use as antidiabetic has scientific ground.</p>Ch. PoojasriD. Venkata RamanaP. Geetha Vani
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2024-02-072024-02-07815566A study on assessment of patients knowledge, attitude & practice on storage, sharing and disposal of medications
https://ijpcr.net/ijpcr/article/view/569
<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Safe disposal of medications is of high concern as malpractice may lead to harmful consequences such as undesirable effects, prescription drug abuse, overstocking, self-medication, accidental overdose, and even death. There is a lack of uniform and nationwide guidance on how patients should safely dispose their leftover medications.</p> <p><strong>Objective</strong>: To assess patients’ knowledge and attitude regarding the disposal of medications.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> This was prospective observational study done for a period of six months from October 2022 to March 2023 in patients visiting Government General Hospital, Kadapa. Informed consent form was acquired from the participant. Likert scale was used for questionnaire and kruskal-Wallis test was performed to find significance between the groups.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 400 patients participated in this study. The mean age of the respondents was 45.9 years (standard deviation [SD], 12.75), ranging from 18 to 64 years. The rate of medication sharing was 62.6%. The most prevalently shared medications were antipyretics, analgesics and antibiotics. The rates of improper storage and improper disposal were 25.5% and 87.25% respectively. More than half of the participants 68.25% said that they never received any information on how to dispose medicines from healthcare professionals, throwing medicines directly into dustbin is the commonly practiced disposal practice.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prescription sharing, improper storage and improper disposal were common practices among public. Awareness on proper drug storage, proper disposal, drug take back Program should be promoted more effectively through educational campaigns, healthcare providers particularly pharmacists should educate and guide them with specific action plans.</p>Saginala Dharani
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2024-02-122024-02-12816775Rp- Hplc Method Development And Validation For Estimation Of Rosiglitazone In Bulk And Pharmaceutical Tablet Dosage Form
https://ijpcr.net/ijpcr/article/view/570
<p>A rapid and precise Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic method has been developed for the validated of Rosiglitazone in its pure form as well as in tablet dosage form. Chromatography was carried out on Apollo C18 (4.6 x 150mm, 5µm) column using a mixture of Methanol (100%v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.9ml/min, the detection was carried out at 265nm. The retention time of the Rosiglitazone was 3.379 min. The method produce linear responses in the concentration range of 25-125ppm of Rosiglitazone. The method precision for the determination of assay was below 2.0%RSD. The method is useful in the quality control of bulk and pharmaceutical formulations.</p>Thota ShivaranjaniK. Chaitanya PrasadP. VedavahiniB. SudhakarK. Radhika
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2024-02-152024-02-15817684Formulation And In Vitro Evaluation Of Floating Tablets Of Quetiapine Fumerate
https://ijpcr.net/ijpcr/article/view/571
<p> In the present research work floating matrix tablet formulation of Quetiapine Fumarate was prepared by using different polymers. Initially analytical method development was done for the drug molecule. And absorption maximum was determined based on the calibration curve developed by using different concentrations. Gas generating agent sodium bicarbonate concentration was optimized. Then the formulation was developed by using different concentrations of Hydroxyl Ethyl Cellulose (HEC), Chitosan, Sodium Alginate as polymeric substances. The formulations blend was subjected to various preformulations studies, flow properties. Among all the formulations, the formulation prepared with hydroxyl ethyl cellulose released the drug up to 24 hours (F3=99.84). The optimized formulation dissolution data was subjected to release kinetics, from the release kinetics data it was evident that the formulation followed Kors Mayer peppas mechanism of drug release. </p>Dindigala SureshShivasri KrishnaVandanaD. Radhika
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2024-02-152024-02-15818597Role of Ovarian Torsion Composite Index In Management Of Ovarian Torsion
https://ijpcr.net/ijpcr/article/view/572
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovarian torsion is an acute phenomenon with a highly variable clinical presentation. Ovarian torsion composite index is an attempt to diagnose ovarian torsion in suspected patients more accurately and thus timely intervention.</p> <p><strong>Aims and Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study is to determine the diagnostic efficacy of a hypothesized practical scoring system, known as Ovarian torsion composite index in management of ovarian torsion.</p> <p><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional study evaluating 78 patients with ovarian mass attending Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of Assam medical college and hospital, Dibrugarh was conducted from August 2021 to July 2022. Four parameters of Ovarian torsion composite index – Duration of Pain, Presence of nausea or vomiting, Ovarian volume and Ovarian ratio were assessed in these patients and compiled to calculate total OT-CI score.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>Four factors were found to be independently associated with ovarian torsion- Duration of pain, Nausea or vomiting, Ovarian volume and Ovarian ratio. There were no cases of Ovarian torsion in patients with OT-CI scores ≤3. Patients with OT-CI score >6 had 62.5% sensitivity, 99.57% specificity and 94.87% accuracy.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ovarian torsion composite index is a practical scoring system combining clinical and radiological findings to preoperatively predict Ovarian torsion in patients presenting with ovarian mass. An OT-CI ≤3 is strong evidence against ovarian torsion, thus minimizing surgical intervention. On the contrary, an OT-CI score >6 is a predictor of ovarian torsion and thus scores >6 should be considered for surgical exploration to maximize ovarian salvage.</p>Ashnoor BansalPranay Kumar PhukanNabajyoti SaikiaChanghom Thoumoung
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2024-02-282024-02-288198108