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Abstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the pathogen responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has resulted in global health crises and strained health resources. COVID-19 is now known to be a multi-organ disease with a wide range of symptoms.
Objectives: To assess that those who reported COVID-19 with comorbidities have high risk as compared to those without comorbidities.
Methodology: To better understand and characterize symptoms os post COVID-19 patients, a retrospective cohort analysis was conducted. Five hundred and eighty-three post COVID patients with and without comorbidities were selected for this cross-sectional study. Symptoms occurrence and severity were studied through questionnaires. Relative risk (RRs) were calculated by Chi square test where statistical significance was set as P<0.05.
Results: Out of 583 post COVID patients, we have 196 (33.61%) comorbid patients and 387 (66.38%) non-comorbid patients. The most common comorbidity was diabetes mellitus. By analyzing 257 comorbid cases, we had diabetes (29.57%), hypertension (22.17%), pulmonary disorder (23.34%), cardiovascular disorder (8.56%), renal disorder (2.33%), tumor (0.38%), obesity (8.94%), cerebrovascular disease (0.38%0 followed by dyslipidemia (4.28%). Also, by comparing the risk on respiratory and cardiovascular symptoms in post COVID-19 patients, we found that comorbid patients have more risk as compared to non-comorbid patients. We found risk on respiratory was significant (P=0.003248).
Conclusion: COVID-19 patients with comorbidity have high risk as compared to patients without comorbidity. We also found that patients with comorbidity have more deteriorating outcomes compared with patients without.